Glass article



Nov. 6, 1934. l. o. PEDERSEN ET Al. 1,979,573

GLASS ARTICLE Original Filed Jan. 30, 1933 WWE:

Patented Nov. 6, 1934 PATENT 'oFF-Ice UNITED STATES GLASS ARTICLEIngvala o. Pedersen, Pittsburgh, Pa., and Erik G.

Stable, Lumberport, W. Va., assignors to Clar- Y, ence P. Byrnes,Sewckley, Pa., trustee Original application January 30, 1933, Serial No.654,122. Divided and thisapplication December 4, 1933, Serial No.700,788"

4 Claims.

provide `an improved glass container or receptacle.

The invention is particularly adapted for the use of "cylinders or otherhollow shapes formed by the Pedersen process setV forth in the copendingapplication of rIngvald O. Pedersen Serial No. 366,787, althoughcontainers or receptacles in accordance therewith may be made by usingbottomless glass cylinders or glass body members formed in any way. Thisapplication is in part a continuation of our copending applicationSerial No. 540,600 and a division of our copending application SerialNo. 654,122.

In the accompanying drawingwe have shown certain present preferredembodiments of the invention,- in which Figure 1 is a horizontal sectionof a day tank or furnace for melting glass and preheating glasscylinders; y

Figure 2 is an end view of the tank orfurnace shown in Figure 1; l

Figure 3 is a vertical section showing a glory hole furnace for raisingthe temperature of an end portion of a glass cylinder;

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic vertical section showing a method of formingand welding glass bottoms to cylinders;

Figure 5 is a partial vertical section of a iinished article;

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic vertical section to enlarged scale showing amodified method of forming a glass bottom and welding` the same to acylinder; and

Figure 7 is a fragmentary vertical section similar to Figure 6 showing amodified construction.

Figures 1 and 2 show a day tank 2 having heating means 3, a ladlinghole4 through which the glass is withdrawn, and a preheating compartment 5to which glass body members, such, for example, as cylinders severedfrom a drawn length and preferably having ground ends, are taken forwarming up. 6 represents a valved passageway from above the glass bath`in the day tank to the preheating chamber 5; '7 representing cylinderslying therein. These cylinders may be introduced through apertures 8having adjustable closures 9. After thus warming up the cylinder topreferably about 300 F., one end of eachfcylinder is raised to or tonear the above the base plate byspacers 20.

(o1. 21e-i) welding temperature by a glory hole or other 4furnace.

Figure 3 shows one form of glory hole flrnace comprising an enclosure 10having a base with central boss 11 and gas burners 12 projecting inthrough openings in the side walls. The glass cylinder '7 is shown asbeing gradually lowered toward the source of heatby suitable vhand tongsor clamps 13.

Any desirable form of furnace may be used, so as to bring an end portionof each cylinder to a very much higher temperature than the remainder ofthe cylinder. This reheated end is preferably broughtv to or above 1200F. in 7 'this step. 0

After thus heating an end portion of Va glass cylinder, the cylinder maybe positioned with such end upon the bottom of a cast irony mold 14,which may have enclosing sides 15. Around the wall of this mold, justabove its bottom, are 5 provided heating burners 16, projectingthereinto. The hot end of the cylinder seats upon the mold bottom whichcloses its end. Molten glass is then fed into the interior of thecylinder and drops upon the mold bottom, being ladled S0 in to adesirable amount. As soon as the molten glass is ladled in, a cast ironplunger 17 of the proper temperature below the sticking point is forceddown upon the glass within the cylinder to force it out into Contactwith the inside of ider glass and thus produces substantially aone-piece receptacle, a portion of which is shown in Figure 5. Sucharticles are then annealed in suitable annealing leers.

10 Referring now more partlcularly to Figure 6, 0

l there is provided a cast iron base plate 18 upon which is mounted amold 19 which is spaced The mold 19 has a peripheral flange 21 andspaced thereabout area plurality of bolts 22 each passing throughV akeeper 23 overlying the flange 21, each such bolt passing through acollar 24 standing upright on the base plate 18, so that each keeper 23rests upon the corresponding collar 24, and

feo

inwardly of the inner surface of the ring 25,., but such concavity may,if desired, extendallthe way to the inner surface of such ring. The

concavity is preferably uniform about the center of the molding surface.f

Adapted to cooperate'with the mold 19 is a plunger 27 having a head 28anda stem 29.

The bottom of the head ofthe plunger ismadeconvex, the degree ofcurvature being substantially the same as that of the concave moldingsurface 26. The external diameter of the plunger head 28 is preferablysomewhat smaller than the internal diameter of the ring 25, the idifference being preferably slightly greater than twice the thickness ofthe glass of a glass body member,` such as a cylinder, which may be usedin the formation of a receptacle.

There is provided a drawn glass cylinder having an exterior fire polish.Such cylinder, as above mentioned, may befornied bythe Pedersen process,although cylinders formed byother processes, as well as non-cylindricallengthsy formed by the Pedersen process, or otherwise, may be utilized.Lengthsfforrned by the Pedersen process are particularly adaptable forour purposes, as they are sized while being drawn and are of uniformsize throughout, within commercial tolerances. This is important when`receptacles of predetermined` capacity are to be "manufactured inquantity.

The drawn glass length, which for purposes of illustration will beconsidered as cylindrical, isk cut into shorter lengths in well knownmanner and each such shorter length preferably has its ends ground. Oneof such lengths 91 (Figure 6) has one of its ends heated substantiallylto the welding temperature and preferably to or above 1200o F. eitherrin a furnace such as shown in Figure 3, or otherwise, care beingexercised to bring the end of the cylinder to the desired temperature`slowly and evenly.

Such cylinder with its heated end downward is positioned within the ring25 and upon vthe mold 19, as shown in Figure 6. Either immediatelybefore or immediately after the positioning ofthe cylinder upon the molda mass of molten glass, indicatedv bythe dotted line 94 in Figure 6, isdeposited on the concave molding surface 26. At such time the plunger 27is raised up out of the way so that its head is well above the top ofthe cylinder 91.

The plunger is then moved downwardly so that its head enters the top ofthe cylinder 91. The diameter of the plunger head is such that itsubstantially lls the entire area within the cylinder while not fittingso tightly as to prevent its free downward movement therein. The plungeris moved downwardly, provision being made for applying the necessaryforce thereto, and spreads out the molten glass over the concave moldingsurface 26, forcing the outer portion of the glass into contact with theinside of the hotend of the cylinder and welding the same thereto,forming a substantially unitary glass article. By reason of theconcavity of the molding surface, the moltenrglass is forced to runslightly uphill, which enables the close control of the glass and avoidsthe possibility of its flowing too freely away from the center of themold and producing a closure or bottom for the cylinder which is thinnerat its center than at its periphery, and also insures substantially evendistribution of theglass about the center of the mold. This provision,as well as the provision of the ring 25, also avoids distortion of ,thehot end of the cylinder when the molten glass flows against it fromwithin.

" g The words ,concave and concavity, referrring tothe shape of the moldand closure, are

' .used as'words of broad definition and not of limitation and areintended to comprehend molds and closures of the general character inquestion,`whether actually having concavely curved surfaces lor not.yThe surfaces may be other than concavely curved while still having thesame general function of those herein described for purposes ofillustration.

The bottom or closure is preferably--made thicker than the body of thecontainer. This enables the bottom to withstandheavy strains and alsoprovides for a greater area of Contact between the bottom and the bodyof the `container when the bottom is formed within the container, as.shown in'Figure 6.A

In Figure '7 isishown a modified construction in which the closure 95 isconnected with the when the container is set down it will. stand firmlyupon the bottom of the body wall. Y'll'iis would not be true ofthe formshown in Figure 6, although such form is primarily intended for use inconnection with a'casing `to form a composite receptacle, such, forexample, as that disclosed in the copending application of vIngvald O.Pedersen, Serial No. 563,080. In Figure 7 the mold takes the formshownvat 97, a ring 98 simuoc ybody 96 above'thebottom of rthe body vsothat i105 ilar to the ring 25 of Figure 6 being usedin 115 cooperationwith a plunger 99.

length may be square or offother polygonal i shape, the means forcarrying out the steps may be varied, and many other changes may be madewithout departing from our invention. l

The advantages of our invention will be obvious to those `.skilled inthe art, since a cheap and effective method is provided which results inimproved glass receptacles, especially those of larger size.

While we have shown and described certain present preferred embodimentsof the invention, it is to be distinctly understood that the same isnotlimited thereto, but may be otherwise variously embodied within thescope of the following claims.

We claim:

1. As a new article'of manufacture, a glass receptacle consisting of abottomless glass article with an external re polish having ak pressedglass bottom with its edges welded to the inner glass bottom of thickerglass with its edges weld- 4. As a new article of manufacture, a glassreceptacle consisting of a. hollow body of drawn glass with an externalre polish and a pressed glass bottom of thicker glass with its edgesWelded to the inner sides of the end portion of the body.

INGVALD O. PEDERSEN. ERIK G. STAI-ILE.

